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File:Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse (physical harm and dependence, NA free means).svg
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Summary
DescriptionDevelopment of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse (physical harm and dependence, NA free means).svg |
English: A rational scale to assess the harm of drugs. Data source is the March 24, 2007 article: Nutt, David, Leslie A King, William Saulsbury, Colin Blakemore. "Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse" The Lancet 2007; 369:1047-1053. (PMID 17382831; doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60464-4) The data in the paper were obtained solely from questionnaire results obtained from two groups of people: the first comprised of people from the UK national group of consultant psychiatrists who were on the Royal College of Psychiatrists’ register as specialists in addiction, while the second comprised of people with experience in one of the many areas of addiction, ranging from chemistry, pharmacology, and forensic science, through psychiatry and other medical specialties, including epidemiology, as well as the legal and police services; the experts are not named and were chosen by the authors. This is a tertiary source (see Wikipedia policy on primary, secondary, tertiary sources) as it summarizes experts' opinions on the matter (which are secondary sources) without any direct references to primary sources. The data were first reported in appendix 14 of "Drug classification: making a hash of it?"[1]. |
Date | |
Source | Based on Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse. |
Author | w:de:Benutzer:Dosenfant |
Other versions |
This vector image includes elements that have been taken or adapted from this file: Rational scale to assess the harm of drugs (mean physical harm and mean dependence).svg (by Apartmento2). |
Licensing
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I, the copyright holder of this work, release this work into the public domain. This applies worldwide. In some countries this may not be legally possible; if so: I grant anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law. |
Data
Drug | Mean Physical harm + Mean Dependence | Mean Physical harm[1] | Median Physical harm[2] | MeanNA=0 Physical harm[3] | Acute harm | Chronic harm | Intravenous harm | Mean Dependence | Pleasure | Psychological | Physical | Mean Social harm | Intoxication | Social harm | Health-care costs |
Heroin | 5.78 | 2.78 | 2.8 | 2.78 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.00 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.54 | 1.6 | 3.0 | 3.36 |
Cocaine | 4.25 | 2.33 | 2.0 | 2.33 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2.35 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 2.15 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 2.3 |
Barbiturates | 4.24 | 2.23 | 2.3 | 2.23 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 2.01 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.00 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.7 |
Tobacco | 4.15 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.24 | 0.9 | 2.7 | NA | 2.43 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 2.2 |
Alcohol | 4.05 | 2.15 | 2.15 | 1.40 | 1.9 | 2.4 | NA | 1.85 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.53 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 2.0 |
Street methadone | 3.94 | 1.86 | 1.7 | 1.86 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 2.08 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.87 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
Ketamine | 3.54 | 2.00 | 2.1 | 2.00 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 1.54 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 1.69 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Amphetamine | 3.48 | 1.81 | 1.8 | 1.81 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 1.67 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 1.50 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 |
Benzodiazepines | 3.46 | 1.63 | 1.7 | 1.63 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.83 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.65 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
4-MTA | 3.45 | 2.15 | 2.15 | 1.44 | 2.2 | 2.1 | NA | 1.30 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.06 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Buprenorphine | 3.24 | 1.60 | 1.3 | 1.60 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 1.64 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.49 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
Cannabis | 3.01 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.99 | 0.9 | 2.1 | NA | 1.51 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.50 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.5 |
Solvents | 2.91 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.28 | 2.1 | 1.7 | NA | 1.01 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.52 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.2 |
Ecstasy | 2.73 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.05 | 1.6 | 1.6 | NA | 1.13 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1.09 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Methylphenidate | 2.57 | 1.32 | 1.3 | 1.32 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.25 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.97 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.1 |
GHB | 2.49 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.86 | 1.4 | 1.2 | NA | 1.19 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.30 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
LSD | 2.36 | 1.13 | 1.4 | 1.13 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 1.23 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 1.32 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.1 |
Anabolic steroids | 2.33 | 1.45 | 1.7 | 1.45 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 0.88 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.13 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.3 |
Khat | 1.79 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.50 | 0.3 | 1.2 | NA | 1.04 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.8 |
Alkyl nitrites | 1.77 | 0.93 | 0.9 | 0.93 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.87 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.97 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.4 |
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 19:52, 16 July 2014 | 380 × 380 (12 KB) | wikimediacommons>Gandulf4 | correct readability, NA = Not Applicable, or zero harm |
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